Rice bran oil is the oil obtained from the rice bran of the seeds of Oryza sativa Linn., belonging to family Graminae.
RICE BRAN OIL
Synonym
Rice oil.
Biological Source
Rice bran oil is the oil obtained from the rice bran of the
seeds of Oryza sativa Linn.,
belonging to family Graminae.
Preparation
Rice bran is the cuticle present between the rice and the
husk of the paddy; consists of embryo and endosperm of the seeds. Rice bran is
the by product in rice mill during dehusking of paddy. Rice bran has 15% of
fixed oil and the oil is obtained by solvent extraction method. The rice bran
oil obtained from fresh brans are of good quality and has good taste and low
free fatty acid content. The quality of rice bran oil depends upon the time
duration taken between the milling of the rice and removal of oil from the
bran. The enzyme lipase present in rice bran increases the free fatty acid
content on storage and so the extraction of oil should be done as rapidly as
possible. Rice bran occurs as extremely small pieces. Before solvent extraction
the rice bran is subjected to various methods like drying, cooking, and flaking
operations. The rice bran is impermeable to solvents, and so it is first
pressed and then extracted with solvent in special continuous immersion
extractors.
Characteristics
It is a golden yellow oil, insoluble in water but soluble in
common fat solvents and is not affected till heating to 160°C. Specific gravity
of 0.916–0.921, iodine value: 99 to 108, acid value is 04 to 05, refractive
index: 1.470 to 1.473, and saponification value: 181 to 189.
Chemical Constituents
Rice bran oil contains both saturated and unsaturated fatty
acids. It has 80–85% of unsaturated and 20–25% of saturated fatty acids as
glycerides. The chief fatty acids are oleic acid constituting to 40–50%,
linoleic acid constituting to 30–40% and palmitic acids which constitutes
12–18%. It is rich in gamma-oryzanol, which will protect and replenish your
skin. Rice bran oil also contains squalene and antioxidants like tocopherols.
Uses
It is used as antioxidants, as emollient, used in the
manufacture of cosmetics and even as edible oil and in preparation of
vegetable ghee. It is a powerful skin protectant. Rice bran oil can be an
effective substitute for lanolin. Rice bran oil is used in formulations where
softening and moisturizing properties are needed. It is good for mature,
delicate, or sensitive skin. Rice bran oil is especially good for face and hair
formulations or baby formulations.
Marketed Products
It is one of the ingredients of the preparation known as
Rice bran scrub.
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