In these type of glycosides the aglycone is coumarin. Coumarin is a chemical compound found in many plants, notably in high concentration in the tonka bean, woodruff, and sweet grass. They are benzopyrone derivative have aromatic smell and their alcoholic solutions when made alkaline show blue or green fluorescence. The biosynthesis of coumarin in plants is via hydroxylation, glycolysis and cyclization of cinnamic acid.
COUMARIN AND FURANOCOUMARIN GLYCOSIDES
In these type of glycosides the aglycone is coumarin.
Coumarin is a chemical compound found in many plants, notably in high
concentration in the tonka bean, woodruff, and sweet grass. They are
benzopyrone derivative have aromatic smell and their alcoholic solutions when
made alkaline show blue or green fluorescence. The biosynthesis of coumarin in
plants is via hydroxylation, glycolysis and cyclization of cinnamic acid.
It has clinical value as the precursor for several
anticoagulants, notably warfarin. Some naturally occuring coumarin derivatives
include umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin), herniarin (7-methoxy-coumarin),
psoralen and imperatorin. Coumarins have flavouring property but they cause
damage to liver. Coumarin drugs also cause drug interactions with many other
drugs. Medicinally, coumarin glycosides have been shown to have hemorrhagic,
antifungicidal and antitumor activities.
Furanocoumarins are toxic compounds that consist of a
coumarin nucleus bonded to a furan ring. Several plants contain the psoralens
that are generally the precursors of furocoumarins. Furanoccumarins are found
especially in Rutaceae, Umbelliferae and Leguminosae. They are also produced by
some plants, for example, celery and parsnips, in response to fungal
infestation.
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