Classification of Antiarrhythmic Drugs

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Chapter: Medicinal Chemistry : Antiarrhythmic Drugs

Antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into four types, according to their electrophysiological properties.


CLASSIFICATION

Antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into four types, according to their electrophysiological properties. The drugs that are used for arrhythmias are sodium, potassium, and calcium channel blockers. Some have additional or even primary autonomic effects.

Class 1: These have primary action on Na+ and K+ across the cell membrane.

Class 2: These have primary action to suppress adrenergically mediated ectopic activity.

Class 3: These are the drugs that prolong the repolarization. Action potential is widened and effective refractory period is increased.

Class 4: Their primary action is to inhibit Ca2+ mediated currents.


Class I: Blockade of fast sodium ion channel by depressing phase of the action potential

a. Moderate to marked sodium channel blockade agents


b. Mild-to-moderate sodium channel blockade agents


c. Marked sodium channel blockade agents



Class II: Beta Adrenergic Antagonists



Class III: Repolarization prolongators


-Dofetilide

-Ibutilide


Class IV: Calcium channel blockers



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