Temperature

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Chapter: Pharmaceutical Engineering: Solid-Liquid Extraction

Within the limits imposed by the thermal stability of the wanted constituents, a high extraction temperature appears desirable.


TEMPERATURE

Within the limits imposed by the thermal stability of the wanted constituents, a high extraction temperature appears desirable. The solubility of most materials increases as the temperature increases so that higher solute concentrations and higher concentration gradients are possible. Both this and the increased dif-fusivity give higher extraction rates. In very many cases, however, materials are susceptible to heat degradation, and cold extraction must be used. In addition, the selectivity of a solvent may be impaired at high temperatures. An example of the use of moderately high temperatures is the extraction of Rauwolfia alkaloids with boiling methanol.

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