1. Describe the major levels of organization of the body. 2. Identify the tissue level and the organ system level.
Organization
Levels of the Body
Every body structure is made up
of smaller structures, which are, likewise, made up of even smaller components.
Chemicals compose every material found in the human body. They contain
microscopic atoms combined into structures known as molecules. Many molecules may be combined into macromolecules. These
macromolecules, in turn, form organelles, which help to complete the intended functions of a cell, the basic unit of
both structure and function inthe human body.
Cells are microscopic structures
that can vary in size, shape, and function. Cells are grouped together to form tissues, which,
in turn, are grouped together to form organs. Groups of similarly functioning organs form organ systems, which
then combine to form a living organism (FIGURE 1-1). Body parts are organized into different levels of complexity,
including the atomiclevel, molecular level, and cellular level. Atoms are themost
simple in structure, with complexity increasing in molecules, organelles,
tissues, and organs.
At tissue level, the tissues work
together and perform one or more specificfunctions. For example, cardiac muscle
cells interact within the heart with other types of cells. They also interact
with extracellular materials, forming cardiac muscle tissue. At the organ
level, the tissues of an organ work together, performing several functions. For
example, layers of cardiac muscle tissue work with connective tissue to form
most of the wall of the heart, which is a hollow, three dimensional organ. At
the organ system level, groups of organs inter-act and perform particular
functions. For example, each contraction of the heart pushes blood into the
blood vessel network. The heart, along with the blood and blood vessels,
comprise the cardiovascular system. This is one of the 11 organ systems of the
human body.
1. Describe
the major levels of organization of the body.
2. Identify the tissue level and the organ system level.
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