Hyaluronidase

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Chapter: Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry : Enzymes and Protein Drugs

Hyaluronidase is an enzyme product prepared from mammalian testes which shows the capability of hydrolysing hyaluronic acid like mucopolysaccharides. Skin is considered as the largest store of hyaluronidase in the body.


HYALURONIDASE

 

 

Synonym

 

Spreading factor, hyalase.

 

Biological Source

 

Hyaluronidase is an enzyme product prepared from mammalian testes which shows the capability of hydrolysing hyaluronic acid like mucopolysaccharides. Skin is considered as the largest store of hyaluronidase in the body.

 

Preparation

 

Hyaluronidase enzyme is found in type-II Pneumococci, in group A and C haemolytic streptococci, S. aureus, and Clostridium welchii. Hyaluronidase manufacturers define their product in terms of turbidity reducing (TR) units or in viscosity units. Prepared solution for injection usually contains 150 TR units or 500 viscosity units dissolved in 1 ml. of isotonic NaCl solution.

 

Characteristics

 

Hyaluronidase for injection consists of not more than 0.25 μg of tyrosine for each USP hyaluronidase unit. Due to its action on hyaluronic acid, it promotes diffusion and hastens absorption of subcutaneous infusions. It depolymerises and catalyses hyaluronic acid and similar hexosamine-containing polysaccharides.

 

Chemical Constituents

 

Hyaluronidases are a group of enzymes such as 4-lycano-hydrolase, hyaluronate 3-glycanohydrolase, and hyaluronate lyase. They are mucopeptides composed of alternating N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid residues. Hyaluronidases catalyse the breakdown of hyaluronic acid.

 

Uses

 

Hyaluronidase for injection is used in the conditions of hypodermoclysis. It is used as a spreading and diffusing agent. It promotes diffusion, absorption, and reabsorption.

 

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