Ganglion Blocking Agents

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Chapter: Essential pharmacology : Anticholinergic Drugs And Drugs Acting On Autonomic Ganglia

The competitive ganglion blockers were used in the 1950s for hypertension and peptic ulcer, but have been totally replaced now because they produce a number of intolerable side effects.


GANGLION BLOCKING AGENTS

 

          A) Competitive blockers

           

Quaternary ammonium compounds Hexamethonium,Pentolinium

Amines (secondary/tertiary) Mecamylamine, Pempidine

Monosulfonium compound Trimethaphan camforsulfonate

 

          B) Persistent depolarising blockers

           

Nicotine (large dose) Anticholinesterases (large dose)

The competitive ganglion blockers were used in the 1950s for hypertension and peptic ulcer, but have been totally replaced now because they produce a number of intolerable side effects (see Table 8.2). In fact, these side effects help in understanding the relative roles of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions in regulating the various organ functions.



 

Trimethaphan It is an ultrashort acting ganglion blocker; has been occasionally used to produce controlled hypotension and in hypertensive emergency due to aortic dissection.

 

Mecamylamine alone, as well as in combination with nicotine patch, has been tried for smoking cessation. It appears to block the reward effect of nicotine and improve abstinence rate compared to placebo. Constipation occurred in many subjects, and it is not an approved drug.

 

There is at present no clinical relevance of ganglion blockers.

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