Your pharmaceutical analysis company has been contacted by an important client and asked to analyse a batch of solutions for infusion containing disodium edetate.
1. Sodium
calcium edetate is usually administered by intravenous infusion. A 5 ml ampule
con-tains 200 mg/ml sodium calcium edetate.
(a)
What is the number of moles of calcium sodium
edetate present in one ampule? Express your answer in moles.
(b)
What is the concentration of calcium sodium
edetate in one ampule? Express you answer in moles per litre.
2. Dimercaprol
is usually administered by intramuscular injection. A 2 ml ampule typically
con-tains 50 mg/ml dimercaprol.
(a)
What is the number of moles of dimercaprol
present in one ampule? Express your answer in moles.
(b)
What is the concentration of dimercaprol in
one ampule? Express you answer in moles per litre.
3. Draw the
structure of all enantiomers of DMSA and discuss which one is used clinically.
4. Draw
the chemical structure of the cobalt(II)–EDTA complex ion.
5. Draw the
chemical structure of Hg2+ coordinated by
dimercaprol.
Your pharmaceutical analysis company has been contacted by an
important client and asked to analyse a batch of solutions for infusion
containing disodium edetate. According to your brief, you are supposed to
analyse the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), following standard quality
assurance guidelines.
Typical analysis methods used for quality purposes are based on
titration reactions. A certain amount of the solution is diluted in water and
hexamethylenetetramine together with HCl is added. The resulting solution is
titrated against a solution of lead nitrate using xylenol orange triturate as
indicator .
(a)
Research the type of titration described.
Describe the chemical structure and mode of action of the indicator.
(b)
Formulate the relevant chemical equations.
Typically, disodium edetate is dispensed as 5 ml ampules
containing 200 mg/ml of the API. For the analysis, an amount of solution
containing theoretically 0.3 g disodium edetate × 2H2O is dissolved
in water. Hexamethylenetetramine (2 g) and dilute HCl are added to this
solution, which is then titrated against 0.1 M lead nitrate solution in the
presence of xylenol orange triturate as the indicator .
(c)
How many milligrams of the API are there in
one ampule?
For each titration, the following volume of
lead nitrate has been used:
9.0 ml 8.8 ml 8.6 ml
Calculate the real amount of disodium edetate × 2H2O
present in your sample. Express your answer in grams and moles.
(e)
Critically discuss your result in context with
the stated value for the API.
(f)
Research the typically accepted error margins.
Dimercaprol injections can be used as for the treatment of
heavy-metal poisoning. Your pharmaceutical analy-sis company has been contacted
by an important client and asked to analyse a batch of solutions for injections
containing dimercaprol. The chelating agent is typically dispensed in 2 ml
ampules containing 50 mg/ml of dimercaprol. According to your brief, you are
supposed to analyse the API, following standard quality assur-ance guidelines.
Typical analysis methods used for quality purposes are based on
titration reactions. A certain amount of injection is dissolved in methanol.
Diluted HCl and an iodine solution are added and the resulting solution is
titrated against sodium thiosulfate .
(a)
Research the type of titration described and
how the endpoint is detected.
(b)
Formulate the relevant chemical equations.
According to its label, a 2 ml ampule of dimercaprol contains 50
mg/ml. An amount of solution theoret-ically containing 0.10 g dimercaprol is
dissolved in methanol. Dilute hydrochloric acid (20 ml, 0.1 M) is added
together with 50.0 ml of a 0.05 M iodine solution. After 10 min, the solution
is titrated against a 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate solution .
How many milligram of the API are there in one
ampule?
For each titration, the following volume of
sodium thiosulfate has been used:
16.95 ml 17.10 ml 17.00 ml
Calculate the real amount of dimercaprol present in your sample.
Express your answer in grams and moles.
(e)
Critically discuss your result in context with
the stated value for the API.
(f)
Research the typically accepted error margins.
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