The quality control studies and evaluation tests are necessary in order to check the purity, consistency and efficiency of the product. The specific evaluation tests for dentifrices are as follows:
EVALUATION
OF TOOTHPASTE
The quality control studies and
evaluation tests are necessary in order to check the purity, consistency and
efficiency of the product. The specific evaluation tests for dentifrices are as
follows:
1.
Tests For Abrasive Character:
The
cleansing action of dentifrices mainly depends on their abrasive property. The abrasion should not lead to any
damage to the enamel and hence the test for checking the abrasive property has
been done on the extracted teeth. The teeth are brushed by mechanical means
with paste or powder and the effect of dentifrices on the teeth is studied by
comparing the results before and after brushing.
2.
Determination Of Particle Size:
Particle
size determination is important as the cleansing nature and abrasive property of the dentifrice mainly depends on
the particle size. The particle size can be determined by using microscopical
techniques or by involving the method of sieving.
3.
Test For Cleansing Property:
This
test is done in order to determine the cleaning ability of the dentifrice. The tooth cleansers such as powders and pastes
are brushed onto a polyester film and the change in reflectance character of
the lacquer coating is measured. The in-vivo method involves brushing of the
teeth-with dentifrices for 2 weeks and determination of the condition of the
teeth before and after brushing and comparing them by means of photographs.
4.
Determination Of Consistency Of The Product:
This
test is done in order to determine the consistency
of the product for the maintenance of its flow property all throughout its
storage period. The consistency of the product mainly depends on the
'theological properties such as particle size, viscosity etc.
5.
Determination Of pH Of The Product:
A
10% solution of the paste in water is made and the pH of the dispersion is measured using a pH meter. The pH
should be in the range of 6.8 to 7.4 in order to maintain the consistency of
the product.
6.
Determination Of Foaming Character:
This
test for the foaming character is applicable only to foaming tooth powders and pastes. In this test, specific
amount of the product is mixed with a known amount of water. The solution is
then shaken sometimes in order to produce foam. The foam produced is then
collected and studies on its nature, washability and stability are carried out.
7.
Determination Of The Volatile Matter And The Moisture
Content:
This test is done in order to determine the amount of
volatile matter and moisture content in the product. In this method, a
specified amount of the product is taken and is kept for drying till a constant
weight is obtained. The weight of the product before and after drying is
measured and the loss in weight is calculated which determines the percentage
of moisture content and volatile matter.
8. Determination Of The Test For The Special
Ingredient:
The
use of therapeutic ingredients may
lead to certain incompatibilities and hence specific tests are done in order to
determine the effect of the specific ingredients such as antiseptics, enzymes
etc.
9.
Limit Test For Heavy Metals:
The
test is done in order to check the presence of any heavy metals such as arsenic and lead which may lead to toxicity.
The occurrence of these metals can be avoided by carrying out the limit tests
for heavy metal, for raw materials, which may reduce usage of these materials.
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