Drugs For Vertigo

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Chapter: Essential pharmacology : Histamine And Antihistaminics

The therapy of vertigo occurring in Méniére’s disease and other conditions is imperfect. A variety of approaches have been tried and have met with partial success.


DRUGS FOR VERTIGO

 

The therapy of vertigo occurring in Méniére’s disease and other conditions is imperfect. A variety of approaches have been tried and have met with partial success.

 

1. Labyrinthine Suppressants

 

They suppress endorgan receptors or inhibit central cholinergic pathway (in vestibular nuclei).

 

a.     Antihistaminics (with anticholinergic action)— cinnarizine, cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine.

b.     Anticholinergics—atropine,  hyoscine.

 

c.      Antiemetic phenothiazines—prochlorperazine, thiethylperazine.

 

2. Vasodilators

 

They improve blood flow to labyrinth and brainstem—betahistine, codergocrine, nicotinic acid, naftidrofuryl.

 

3. Diuretics

 

They decrease labyrinthine fluid pressure —acetazolamide, thiazides, furosemide.

 

4.   Anxiolytics, Antidepressants

 

These drugs appear to modify the sensation of vertigo—diazepam, amitriptyline.

 

5. Corticosteroids

 

They suppress intra-labyrinthine edema due to viral infection or other causes.

 

Parenteral prochlorperazine is the most effective drug for controlling violent vertigo and vomiting.

 

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