Control of Autonomic Activity

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Chapter: Anatomy and Physiology for Health Professionals: Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

The ANS is mostly controlled by the brain and spinal cord, yet has some independent actions due to impulse integration in its ganglia.


Control of Autonomic Activity

The ANS is mostly controlled by the brain and spinal cord, yet has some independent actions due to impulse integration in its ganglia. The medulla oblongata’s reflex centers for cardiac, respiratory, and vasomotor activities receive sensory impulses from the viscera on vagus nerve fibers. The reflex centers then use auto-nomic nerve pathways to generate motor responses in certain glands and muscles. Therefore, these reflex centers control the ANS. By influencing autonomic pathways, the hypothalamus helps regulate hunger, thirst, temperature, and the balance of water and elec-trolytes. The cerebral cortex, limbic system, and other higher brain levels control the ANS during emotional stress. This means that the ANS pathways can affect behavior and emotions.

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