Anticoagulants - Classification

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Chapter: Essential pharmacology : Drugs Affecting Coagulation, Bleeding And Thrombosis

These are drugs used to reduce the coagulability of blood. They may be classified into:


ANTICOAGULANTS

 

These are drugs used to reduce the coagulability of blood. They may be classified into:

 

I. Used in vivo

 

A. Parenteral anticoagulants

 

Heparin, Low molecular weight heparin.

Heparinoids—Heparan sulfate,

Danaparoid, Lepirudin, Ancrod.

 

B. Oral anticoagulants

 

i) Coumarin derivatives: Bishydroxycoumarin (dicumarol), Warfarin sod, Acenocoumarol (Nicoumalone), Ethylbiscoumacetate

ii) Indandione derivative: Phenindione.

 

II. Used in vitro

A. Heparin: 150 U to prevent clotting of 100 ml blood.

B. Calcium complexing agents: Sodium citrate: 1.65 g for 350 ml of blood; used to keep blood in the fluid state for transfusion;

 

ANTICOAGULANT ACID CITRATE DEXTROSE SOLUTION 2.2 g/100 ml (75 ml is used for 1 unit of blood).

 

Sodium oxalate: 10 mg for 1 ml blood

Sodium edetate: 2 mg for 1 ml blood

 

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