Members of group 1 of the periodic table (first vertical column) with exception of hydrogen are called alkali metals. Under the term alkali metals, the following elements are included: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs) and francium (Fr).
Alkali
Metals
Members of group 1 of the periodic table (first vertical column)
with exception of hydrogen are called alkali
metals. Under the term alkali metals,
the following elements are included: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium
(Cs) and francium (Fr). Generally, francium is not included in further
discussions, as only artificial isotopes are known with 223Fr having
the longest half-life T1/2
= 21.8 min (Figure 2.1) .
In terms of a clinical use, sodium and potassium are essential
ions for the human body and any imbalance in them has to be corrected. Lithium
is medically used to treat bipolar disorder (BD), and the application of
lithium salts is further discussed within this chapter.
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